Proper nutrition for diabetes for every day

Diabetes mellitus is a disease of the endocrine system associated with a lack of insulin in the body.

As a result, the glucose content in the blood increases, which leads to metabolic disorders and gradual damage to almost all functional systems in the human body. The disease is divided into type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Today, nutritional and dietary issues in diabetes mellitus of any type are an extremely serious topic that is raised by each patient after receiving a diagnosis of the disease.

In general, proper nutrition in diabetes should be observed every day, as without a diet, a person's health will deteriorate.

Tips to Lower Your Blood Sugar

Diet is necessary for people with all types of diabetes, but dietary recommendations differ for type I and type II diabetes. In the latter case, dietary reduction in excess body weight may be the only therapeutic measure.

The type of diabetes mellitus is determined by the endocrinologist who treats you.

1. In type 1 diabetes: proper nutrition is a necessary background for insulin therapy. If you do not pay attention to it, all efforts to lower blood sugar will be in vain: this indicator does not stabilize, and this affects the state of the vessels of all organs and systems.
2. Type 2 Diabetes: Does not always require medication. First, the patient is recommended a diet that will help reduce weight. With good dynamics, in this case, drugs may not be required at all.

General tips to help lower blood sugar:

1. Reduce your intake of soft drinks, lemonade and juices. With regular consumption of sweetened beverages, the risk of developing diabetes increases by about 15%. When drinking tea and coffee, reduce the amount of cream and sweeteners.
2. Try to choose unsweetened foods like unsweetened iced tea, yogurt, or unsweetened oatmeal. You can sweeten your food to your liking. Most likely, you will add much less sugar to your food than the manufacturer.
3. Replace your favorite sweets with healthier foods. Instead of ice cream, crush frozen bananas and beat the mixture with a mixer for a great dessert. Instead of your favorite milk chocolate, it is better to eat a piece of dark chocolate.

It is especially important to follow a diet for mild diabetes, as it is practically the main treatment.

Differences in diet for type 1 and type 2 diabetes

For patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, a low-calorie diet (25–30 kcal per 1 kg of body weight) is required, which prevents late complications of the disease. In this case, the diet is extremely important, it must be strictly observed. The main thing to look for when composing a diet is the balance of proteins, fats and carbohydrates.

Patients with type 2 diabetes are prescribed a subcaloric diet (the daily energy value of food is 1600–1800 kcal). On such a diet, patients should lose about 300-400 g of body weight per week. In the presence of a strong overweight, the daily amount of calories is reduced according to the percentage of excess body weight to 15-17 kcal per 1 kg.

Nutrition Basics

In each individual case, the doctor prescribes a special diet for a patient with diabetes mellitus, which must be adhered to in order to maintain a normal body.

When starting to eat well, follow these simple rules every day:

1. It is necessary to take food 5-6 times in small portions (every 2-3 hours) during the day.
2. The ratio of proteins, carbohydrates and fats must be balanced.
3. The amount of calories received from food should be equal to the patient's energy consumption.
4. A person should receive proper nutrition: certain vegetables and fruits, cereals, dietary meat and fish, natural juices without added sugar, dairy products, soups.

The food of a diabetic patient should be rich in vitamins, therefore it is useful to introduce vitamin carriers into the diet: baking yeast, brewer's yeast, rosehip decoction, SPP, dietary supplements.

Nutrition rules for diabetes mellitus for every day

The following foods can be consumed with diabetes:

1. Bread - up to 200 grams per day, mostly black or special diabetic.
2. Cook soups on vegetable broth, use of weak meat and fish broths is permissible 1-2 times a week.
3. Meat and poultry dishes. With diabetes mellitus, it is allowed to eat boiled beef, chicken, and rabbit meat.
4. Vegetables and herbs. It is recommended to consume potatoes, beets, carrots no more than 200 grams per day. But other vegetables (cabbage, lettuce, radish, cucumbers, zucchini, tomatoes) and greens (except spicy) can be consumed almost without restrictions raw and boiled, and occasionally baked.
5. Cereals, legumes, and pasta should not be eaten often. If you decide to eat a plate of spaghetti, refuse bread and other carbohydrate foods and dishes that day.

6. Eggs can be consumed no more than 2 pieces a day, adding to other dishes, boiled soft-boiled or as an omelet.
7. Fruits and berries of sour and sweet-sour varieties (Antonovka apples, oranges, lemons, cranberries, red currants . . . ) - up to 200-300 grams per day.
8. Milk - with the permission of a doctor, kefir, yogurt (only 1-2 glasses per day), cottage cheese (50-200 grams per day) in natural form or in the form of curds, cheese cakes and puddings.
9. Cottage cheese is recommended to be consumed daily, up to 100-200 grams per day in natural form or in the form of curds, cheese cakes, puddings, casseroles. Cottage cheese, as well as oatmeal and buckwheat porridge, bran, rosehip improve fat metabolism and normalize liver function, prevent fatty changes in the liver.
10. Tea with milk, weak coffee, tomato juice, fruit and berry juices (total liquid with soup up to 5 glasses a day).

Carefully plan your menu every day and use only foods that are healthy and necessary in your case.

Banned products

The diet of patients with diabetes should be thought out, first of all, people who have been diagnosed with this disease should refuse such products:

1. Sweets, chocolate, confectionery, baked goods, jam, honey, ice cream and other sweets;
2. Spicy, spicy, salty and smoked snacks and dishes, lamb and pork fat;
3. Pepper, mustard;
4. Alcoholic drinks;
5. Grapes, bananas, raisins;
6. Sugar is allowed only in small quantities with the permission of a doctor.

All foods for diabetes should be eaten on a schedule, and to control blood glucose, the daily menu should contain fiber.

Sample menu for the day

When following a type 2 diabetes diet, you can stick to a simple menu, alternating between allowed foods.

Example # 1

1. Breakfast - oatmeal porridge, egg. Bread. Coffee.
2. Snack - natural yoghurt with berries.
3. Lunch - vegetable soup, chicken breast with salad (beetroot, onion and olive oil) and stewed cabbage. Bread. Compote.
4. Afternoon snack - low-fat cottage cheese. Tea.
5. Dinner - hake baked in sour cream, vegetable salad (cucumbers, tomatoes, herbs or any other seasonal vegetable) with vegetable oil. Bread. Cocoa.
6. Second dinner (a few hours before bedtime) - natural yoghurt, baked apple.

Example # 2

1. Breakfast: cottage cheese 150 gr, buckwheat or oatmeal 150 gr, black bread, unsweetened tea.
2. Second breakfast: unsweetened compote 250 ml.
3. Lunch: chicken broth 250 gr, boiled lean meat 75 gr, stewed cabbage - 100 gr, sugar-free jelly - 100 gr, bread, mineral water 250 ml.
4. Afternoon snack - apple 1 pc.
5. Dinner: stewed vegetables 150 gr, meatballs 100 gr, cabbage schnitzel - 200 gr, bread, unsweetened rosehip broth.
6. Second supper: drinking yoghurt - 250 ml.

Example # 3

1. Breakfast: carrot-apple salad - 100 g, low-fat cottage cheese with milk - 150 g Bread with bran - 50 g Tea without sugar - 1 glass. Second breakfast: mineral water - 1 glass, apple.
2. Lunch: vegetable soup with soy - 200 g, meat goulash - 150 g, vegetable caviar - 50 g. Rye bread - 50 g. Tea with xylitol - 1 glass.
3. Afternoon snack: fruit salad - 100 g. Tea without sugar - 1 glass.
4. Dinner: fish schnitzel - 150 g, millet milk porridge - 150 g. Bread with bran - 50 g Tea without sugar - 1 glass. Second supper: kefir - 1 glass.

Remember:a diabetic patient should not be hungry. You should eat at the same time, but if a slight hunger occurs between main meals, you must definitely muffle it with a cup of tea or vegetables. But it should be just a light snack - overeating is dangerous for a diabetic.